|
|
DRASTIC pH CHANGES
Clifford E Carnicom
September 24 2000
1. The most significant chemical species in the clouds and
precipitation is the hydrogen ion (or hydroxide ion, correspondingly)
concentration, as measured by the pH, according to the 1995 Nobel
Prize winner for chemistry, Paul J. Crutzen, Director of Air
Chemistry Division of the Max Planck Institut.
2. The magnitude of recently measured pH values of rainfall across
the country shows a twenty fold increase in the number of hydroxide
ions in the year 2000 vs. both 1990 and 1999 baseline data. This
translates directly to a major change in pH and atmospheric chemistry
during the recent year.
3. A statistical Student's t test applied to the year 2000 measured
differences in rainfall pH is statistically significant at the 99.9%+
level.
4. A Wilcoxon's Signed Rank non-parametric statistical test, which
makes no assumptions about the underlying distribution of the data
(normal or otherwise), shows a statistically significant difference
in the atmospheric chemistry of the year 2000 pH data at the
99.9999%+ level.
5. A 95% confidence interval for the average 2000 pH change relative
to 1999 data indicates the average 2000 pH difference is expected to
fall between +1.0 and +1.7. This corresponds to a 10 to 50 times
increase in the hydroxide ion concentration in the atmosphere,
occurring primarily within a twelve month period.
6. The atmospheric changes are correlated directly with the presence
of sustained and extensive aircraft aerosol operations since the
beginning of 1999.
7. These drastic changes and the results of these studies
demonstrate the urgent need for a formal investigation into recent
and radical changes in the atmospheric chemistry of the nation and
globe. Citizens across the country are urged to organize and to
demand this investigation without delay.
Clifford E Carnicom
September 24 2000
Santa Fe, NM
Authored at Rio Chama, NM